This paper aims to solve the problems of single expression, insufficient interactivity, low design efficiency and limited public participation in traditional landscape design, and explore the innovative application of intelligent big data and virtual reality (VR) technology in landscape design. The study proposes a clustering visualization algorithm based on intelligent big data to achieve efficient processing and real-time analysis of massive multi-dimensional landscape design data, and intuitively presents data correlation and difference by establishing data field and radiation effect, providing designers with clearer design ideas. At the same time, VR technology is introduced to build an immersive virtual environment, so that designers and users can intuitively experience the landscape effect in three-dimensional space, breaking through the limitations of traditional plane or two-dimensional display methods. The experimental results show that compared with traditional methods, this method significantly improves the scientificity, interactivity, and design efficiency of landscape design schemesthe enthusiasm of designers is increased by 70%, and 66.3% of designers say that the design time is greatly shortened; public satisfaction is increased from 13.3% “very satisfied” under traditional design to 50%, and design risks and costs are effectively controlled. Research shows that the integration of intelligent big data and VR technology not only solves the pain points in the traditional design process but also promotes the transformation of design thinking from one-way expression to multiparty collaboration, expands the expressiveness and social acceptance of landscape design, and provides the industry with a new technical path and practice paradigm.