From the cross-cultural communication, this study applies interactive educational psychology (a branch of educational psychology that focuses on student cognitive and cognitive interaction, emphasizing the promotion of ability development through two-way feedback) to the reform of the mobile English literature translation teaching mode. A translation ability development model is proposed, which is divided into cognitive and thinking skills. New teaching methods are designed and experiments are carried out. A total of 120 students majoring in English in a certain university were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into the intervention group (60 students) and the control group (60 students). The intervention period was 8 weeks (T1-T8 were the test time points from the 1st to the 8th week). The results showed that at T8, the innovative thinking (78.9 points), critical thinking (80.2 points), and decision-making thinking (79.8 points) of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and their cognitive abilities (orientation, analysis, and evaluation) also improved significantly. This confirms that the mobile teaching model can effectively enhance students’ practical translation abilities.