As science and technology advance, artificial intelligence is increasingly influencing the rural economy, offering innovative pathways for revitalization. This study examines the role and future prospects of artificial intelligence in rural economic development, highlighting its application across agriculture, education, healthcare, and infrastructure. The research identifies significant challenges, including the complexity of technology adoption, substantial capital investment requirements, and inadequate infrastructure in rural areas. However, by enhancing technology promotion, implementing supportive policies, and upgrading infrastructure, these challenges can be addressed, paving the way for successful rural revitalization. This study provides a comprehensive analysis and offers theoretical foundations and practical insights for policymakers and researchers focused on leveraging artificial intelligence to boost rural economic development.